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This initiative is implemented by BSPB as part of the LIFE project "LIFE for Falcons", which aims to restore the population of the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in Bulgaria and southern Romania. One of the major challenges for the species' reintroduction is the conflict between pigeon fanciers and birds of prey. However, new research reveals that visual deterrents can significantly reduce losses. During 2023–2024, nearly 500 out of over 1,700 Pazardzhik High-flyer pigeons were marked in four regions of the country. Pigeons with painted eye-spot patterns on their wings showed higher survival rates (75%) compared to unmarked birds (59%), with differences reaching up to 29% in certain areas such as Peshtera, Bratsigovo, and Perushtitsa. The results confirm findings from scientific studies that bright colors and patterns can confuse or deter predators from attacking. However, the method is effective only when applied correctly—marking just one or all pigeons in a flock proved ineffective. The best outcomes were achieved with mixed flocks, where only part of the birds were marked.
The study also analyzed the attitudes of the pigeon-fancier community towards the method. Interviews and social media analysis (47 posts on the topic shared in specialized Facebook groups with over 317,000 members) produced an Attitude Index indicating a moderately positive response. Although 25% of the audience outright rejected the idea, many pigeon fanciers showed interest, cautious optimism, and offered suggestions for improvements in their search for solutions to protect their pigeons.
With broader communication and partnerships, this simple but effective innovation could become a win-win solution, benefiting both pigeons and the conservation of rare and protected birds of prey in Bulgaria.
Photos: BSPB © Stoyan Nikolov
